Registrar-General of India issues notification for Census

17 Jun 2025 GS 2 Governance
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2027 Digital Census Notification

  1. Timeline:

    • Reference Date: March 1, 2027 (for most states).

    • Snow-bound Areas: October 1, 2026 (Ladakh, parts of J&K, Himachal, Uttarakhand).

  2. Administrative Freeze:

    • States cannot alter boundaries of districts, tehsils, or police stations until Census completion.

    • Ensures stability of enumeration blocks for accurate data collection.

  3. Digital Transformation:

    • Mobile apps for data collection; self-enumeration option introduced.

    • Data Security: Stringent measures for collection, transmission, and storage.

  4. Phases & Workforce:

    • Two Phases: House Listing → Population Enumeration.

    • 34 lakh enumerators/supervisors + 1.3 lakh officials to be deployed.

  5. NPR Status:

    • No official update on National Population Register (NPR) linkage yet (unlike 2021 plans).

Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India (RGCCI) - 

  • Established: 1961 (Permanent office; earlier censuses were conducted via temporary setups).

  • Parent MinistryMinistry of Home Affairs, Government of India.

  • HeadIAS officer (Rank: Additional Secretary). Current: Mritunjay Kumar Narayan.

  • Headquarters: New Delhi.

Key Functions

  1. Conducts Decennial Census of India (First in 1872; regular since 1881).

  2. Demographic Surveys:

    • Collects data on population, literacy, housing, etc.

    • Manages Linguistic Survey of India.

  3. Administrative Structure:

    • State-Level: Supervised by Directorates of Census Operations.

Historical Context

  • Pre-1961: Census conducted via temporary administrative setups.

  • Post-1961: RGCCI made a permanent body to ensure institutional continuity.


Some facts:

The decennial census of India has been conducted 15 times, as of 2011

  1. 1931 Census (J.H. Hutton)

    • Conducted first caste-based census in India.

    • Later authored Caste in India (1946), blending census data with anthropological insights.

  2. 1941 & 1951 Censuses

    • 1941 (W.W.M. Yeatts): Last British-era census.

    • 1951 (R.A. Gopalaswami):

      • Rejected P.C. Mahalanobis’ proposal for sampling methods, citing India’s diversity.

      • Simplified enumeration slips for better accuracy in a low-literacy population.

  3. 1961 Census (Ashok Mitra)

    • Again resisted Mahalanobis’ sampling push, emphasizing data cross-checks for reliability.



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