Bonn Climate Summit (SB62)
Bonn Climate Change Conference 2025
What is the Bonn Climate Conference?
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Annual mid-year summit under UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), signed in 1992.
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Officially known as Sessions of the Subsidiary Bodies (SBs).
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Second most important UN climate forum after the Conference of the Parties (COP).
Annual mid-year summit under UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), signed in 1992.
Officially known as Sessions of the Subsidiary Bodies (SBs).
Second most important UN climate forum after the Conference of the Parties (COP).
Objectives of the Bonn Summit
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Technical and scientific negotiations ahead of the year-end COP (COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan).
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Reviews implementation of past COP agreements (e.g., COP28 Dubai outcomes).
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Sets the agenda for upcoming COP decisions.
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Influences final decisions made at COP, especially on adaptation and finance.
Technical and scientific negotiations ahead of the year-end COP (COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan).
Reviews implementation of past COP agreements (e.g., COP28 Dubai outcomes).
Sets the agenda for upcoming COP decisions.
Influences final decisions made at COP, especially on adaptation and finance.
Key Participants
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UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies (SBs):
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SBI (Subsidiary Body for Implementation): Focuses on assessing implementation and financial/technical support to developing nations.
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SBSTA (Subsidiary Body for Scientific & Technological Advice): Interfaces between IPCC scientists and climate negotiators.
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Also includes: national delegates, IPCC experts, Indigenous representatives, civil society groups, and international organisations.
UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies (SBs):
-
SBI (Subsidiary Body for Implementation): Focuses on assessing implementation and financial/technical support to developing nations.
-
SBSTA (Subsidiary Body for Scientific & Technological Advice): Interfaces between IPCC scientists and climate negotiators.
Also includes: national delegates, IPCC experts, Indigenous representatives, civil society groups, and international organisations.
Key 2025 Agenda Items
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Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA):
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GGA was introduced in the Paris Agreement (2015).
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Framework only adopted recently at COP28 (Dubai).
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Bonn 2025 aims to develop indicators to track GGA progress: enhance resilience, adaptive capacity, and reduce vulnerability.
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Climate Finance:
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Major disagreements on Baku-to-Belém roadmap for $1.3 trillion annually by 2035.
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Developed nations resisting commitments; developing nations (India, LMDCs) demand equity and transparency.
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Debate over shifting climate finance burden to the private sector.
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New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG):
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Under Paris Agreement’s Article 2.1(c).
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LMDCs oppose imposing conditionalities on developing countries through finance.
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Just Transition Work Programme and UAE Dialogue:
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Discussions ongoing on implementing global stocktake outcomes.
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Focus on inclusive and fair energy transitions.
Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA):
-
GGA was introduced in the Paris Agreement (2015).
-
Framework only adopted recently at COP28 (Dubai).
-
Bonn 2025 aims to develop indicators to track GGA progress: enhance resilience, adaptive capacity, and reduce vulnerability.
Climate Finance:
-
Major disagreements on Baku-to-Belém roadmap for $1.3 trillion annually by 2035.
-
Developed nations resisting commitments; developing nations (India, LMDCs) demand equity and transparency.
-
Debate over shifting climate finance burden to the private sector.
New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG):
-
Under Paris Agreement’s Article 2.1(c).
-
LMDCs oppose imposing conditionalities on developing countries through finance.
Just Transition Work Programme and UAE Dialogue:
-
Discussions ongoing on implementing global stocktake outcomes.
-
Focus on inclusive and fair energy transitions.
India’s Role at Bonn 2025
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Represented LMDCs, G77, and Arab Group.
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Emphasised principles of:
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CBDR-RC (Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities),
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National circumstances,
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Equity, transparency, and country ownership in roadmap implementation.
Represented LMDCs, G77, and Arab Group.
Emphasised principles of:
-
CBDR-RC (Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities),
-
National circumstances,
-
Equity, transparency, and country ownership in roadmap implementation.
Challenges and Concerns
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Lack of urgency and slow progress in talks.
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Political and geopolitical tensions (e.g., West Asia, trade wars) stalling consensus.
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Disputes on climate finance delivery, especially between North and South.
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Difficulty in agreeing on adaptation indicators that are both locally flexible and globally relevant.
Lack of urgency and slow progress in talks.
Political and geopolitical tensions (e.g., West Asia, trade wars) stalling consensus.
Disputes on climate finance delivery, especially between North and South.
Difficulty in agreeing on adaptation indicators that are both locally flexible and globally relevant.