Barocaloric Solid-State Cooling Technology

Context: A U.K.-based laboratory at the University of Cambridge is pioneering a revolutionary solid-state air-conditioning (A/C) technology using barocaloric materials—solid refrigerants that offer green, gas-free cooling through pressure-induced temperature changes.

Key Features:

• Material: Soft, waxy plastic crystals that change temperature (up to 50°C) under pressure.

• Mechanism:

  • Under pressure: Molecular motion stops, releasing heat.

  • Upon release: Cooling effect occurs — known as the barocaloric effect.

• Benefits:

  • No greenhouse gas emissions or leaks, unlike conventional gas refrigerants.

  • Potentially more energy-efficient, addressing rising A/C-related emissions.

  • Safe and readily available materials used in the chemical industry.

Global Context:

• Over 2 billion A/C units are in use globally, and the number is rising with climate change.
• A/Cs contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions due to refrigerant leaks and power consumption.

Significance:

• A sustainable alternative to gas-based A/Cs.

• Potential application in homes, cars, and industrial cooling systems.

• Aligns with global efforts to curb climate change and promote green technology innovation.