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India become first country to commercially produce bio-bitumen.

11 Jan 2026 GS 3 Science & Technology
India become first country to commercially produce bio-bitumen. Click to view full image

Context

  • India has entered the era of “Clean, Green Highways” with the successful technology transfer of bio-bitumen via pyrolysis.

  • Road, Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari has said that India has become the first country in the world to commercially produce bio-bitumen in road construction.

  • A 100-metre trial stretch has been laid on NH-40 (Jorabat–Shillong Expressway), Meghalaya, proving feasibility.

Indigenous technology

  • The bio-bitumen technology is fully indigenous, developed within India.

  • It reduces dependence on imported petroleum bitumen and supports Atmanirbhar Bharat.

Institutions involved

  • Developed jointly by:

    • CSIR–Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi

    • CSIR–Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP), Dehradun

What is bio-bitumen

  • A bio-based alternative to conventional bitumen.

  • Produced from farm residue/biomass using pyrolysis.

  • Used as a road binder in highway construction.

Soon, national highways to be built with bio-bitumen made using biomas?  Nitin Gadkari personally overseeing the project - Times of India

Key features

  • Pyrolysis produces:

    • Bio-binder for roads

    • Gaseous fuel

    • Bio-pesticide fractions

    • High-grade carbon

  • Emission-free, cost-effective, and sustainable.

  • Patent filed; industries onboarded for commercialisation.

Economic and environmental significance

  • India imports nearly 50% of its bitumen requirement.

  • Potential to replace ₹25,000–30,000 crore worth of imports annually.

  • Supports:

    • Waste-to-wealth

    • Circular economy

    • Stubble management

    • Green infrastructure

Prelims Practice MCQs

Q. Consider the following statements regarding bio-bitumen:

  1. It helps reduce India’s dependence on imported bitumen.

  2. It supports the waste-to-wealth approach by using farm residue.

  3. It completely eliminates the need for any blending with conventional bitumen.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3

Correct answer: A

Explanation:
Bio-bitumen reduces imports and uses agricultural waste. At present, blending with conventional bitumen is proposed, not total replacement.

Q. The successful field demonstration of bio-bitumen road construction was carried out on:

A. Delhi–Mumbai Expressway
B. Bengaluru–Chennai Expressway
C. Jorabat–Shillong Expressway (NH-40)
D. Amritsar–Jamnagar Expressway

Correct answer: C

Explanation:
A 100-metre trial stretch using bio-bitumen was laid on NH-40 (Jorabat–Shillong Expressway) in Meghalaya, proving its on-ground feasibility.



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